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Friedrich Josef Franz Ritter von Herzmanowsky was born in Vienna. He was the son of k.k. Ministerialbeamter im Ackerbauministerium (Imperial-Royal ministry official in the ministry of agriculture) Emil Josef Ritter von Herzmanowsky and his wife, Aloisia von Orlando, who was from Kosmonosy. Herzmanovsky attended the Theresianum in Vienna. From 1896 to 1903, he studied structural engineering at the Vienna Technical College. He soon became acquainted with his future close friend Alfred Kubin and, in Munich, made contact with the circle of the “cosmists” around Karl Wolfskehl, Ludwig Klages and Alfred Schuler. In 1911/12, Herzmanovsky gave up his job as an architect because of painful chronic tuberculosis of the kidneys. Financially independent by birth, he lived privately for art, drawing, collecting, restoring and writing. The disease led to cures and extensive travels south. In 1916 he moved to Merano due to illness. From the beginning of 1918, with official permission, he also bore his maternal surname. His mother's family went back to the Swiss aristocracy, his grandfather Friedrich von Orlando was a manor owner in Kleindehsa. Herzmanovsky-Orlando falsified his family tree to even before the Crusades. As a result of the Optionsvereiberung (option agreement), he left South Tyrol in 1940 and moved to Malcesine on Lake Garda. In 1949, he returned to Meran. He spent the last years of his life in the nearby Rametz Castle.
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